In December 2008 and January 2009, anti-Israel groups in the United States organized more than 200 demonstrations, rallies and other events in response to Israel's military action in Gaza to staunch the barrage of Hamas rockets hurled at Israeli towns and cities.

A coalition of groups that often unite in protest against Israel touted the protests as a response to Israel's "massacre of Palestinians." As in the past, demonstrators used these rallies to express extreme anti-Israel and anti-Zionist messages, to engage in anti-Semitic rhetoric and offensive Holocaust imagery likening Jews and Israelis to Nazis, as well as to express support for terror.

Many of the events were held outside Israeli embassies and consulates, U.S. federal buildings and elsewhere around the country.